Educational resource · Not a medical device · Infectious diseases review in progress · Does not replace clinical judgement

Histoplasma capsulatum — Histoplasmosis

Review by an infectious diseases specialist in progress · edited by a physician, AI-assisted writing · level of evidence computed from the source type · page as of 30 October 2026 · Methodology

Ajellomycetaceae · Dimorphic fungus

Champignon dimorphique (moisissure dans le sol, levure intracellulaire à 37 °C) acquis par inhalation en zone d'endémie — Amériques surtout, Afrique, Asie du Sud-Est. À évoquer au retour de voyage devant un tableau pseudo-grippal avec adénopathies hilaires, et chez l'immunodéprimé (VIH avancé, greffe, anti-TNF) devant une fièvre prolongée avec hépatosplénomégalie et cytopénies. Antigène Histoplasma urinaire et sérique, culture lente, histologie (levures intracellulaires). Itraconazole pour les formes légères à modérées, amphotéricine B liposomale pour les formes sévères ou disséminées, puis relais par itraconazole (IDSA 2007). Pas de transmission interhumaine.

Scope: dosing as described in the cited guidelines (French or international context, stated by the source), for adults with normal renal function unless stated on the line. No renal or hepatic, paediatric or pregnancy adjustment is provided systematically. These regimens have not been reviewed by any infectious-disease specialist to date.

Documented organ tropism

Organs where foci of Histoplasma capsulatum are described in the cited literature. The reported frequency is not an individual probability.

Organ	Tropism	Level of evidence	Sources	Spread route
Lung	High tropism	Evidence B	2	direct
Liver / Bile duct (forme disséminée)	Moderate tropism	Evidence B	2	hematogenous
Suprarenal (adrenal) gland	Moderate tropism	Evidence C	1	hematogenous
Central nervous system	Moderate tropism	Evidence B	1	hematogenous
Colon / Alimentary system	Moderate tropism	Evidence C	1	hematogenous
Teeth / Oral cavity (ulcérations muqueuses)	Moderate tropism	Evidence C	1	hematogenous
Heart / Endocardium	Rare tropism	Evidence B	1	not recorded

Described portals of entry

• Lung

Spread routes recorded: 6 of 7 documented foci A focus without a route is not a focus without spread: the route is simply not recorded.

Sources

• Wheat LJ et al. — Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Patients with Histoplasmosis: 2007 Update by the IDSA (CID) (2007) — doi:10.1086/521259
• Kauffman CA — Histoplasmosis: a Clinical and Laboratory Update (CMR) (2007) — doi:10.1128/CMR.00027-06

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