Educational resource · Not a medical device · Infectious diseases review in progress · Does not replace clinical judgement

Haemophilus influenzae — Haemophilus

Review by an infectious diseases specialist in progress · edited by a physician, AI-assisted writing · level of evidence computed from the source type · page as of 29 October 2026 · Methodology

Pasteurellaceae · Gram-negative

Depuis la vaccination anti-Hib (Haemophilus influenzae de type b), la méningite à Haemophilus est devenue rare chez l'enfant vacciné. Chez l'adulte non vacciné ou immunodéprimé, les infections invasives restent possibles. H. influenzae non typable est la principale cause d'exacerbations de BPCO. L'épiglottite à H. influenzae type b est une urgence ORL pouvant engager le pronostic vital.

Scope: dosing as described in the cited guidelines (French or international context, stated by the source), for adults with normal renal function unless stated on the line. No renal or hepatic, paediatric or pregnancy adjustment is provided systematically. These regimens have not been reviewed by any infectious-disease specialist to date.

Documented organ tropism

Organs where foci of Haemophilus influenzae are described in the cited literature. The reported frequency is not an individual probability.

Organ	Tropism	Level of evidence	Sources	Spread route
Lung (exacerbations BPCO)	High tropism	Evidence C	1	not recorded
Ear (otite, sinusite, épiglottite)	High tropism	Evidence B	1	not recorded
Paranasal sinuses (rhinosinusite bactérienne)	Moderate tropism	Evidence B	2	contiguous
Meninges	High tropism	Evidence A	4	hematogenous

Described portals of entry

• Lung
• Ear
• Pharynx

Spread routes recorded: 2 of 4 documented foci A focus without a route is not a focus without spread: the route is simply not recorded.

Associated syndromes

• Bacterial meningitis
• Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP)

Sources

• Sethi S & Murphy TF — Infection in the pathogenesis and course of COPD (2008) — doi:10.1056/NEJMra0800353
• Damm M et al. — Airway endoscopy in the interdisciplinary management of acute epiglottitis (Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol) (1996) — doi:10.1016/s0165-5876(96)01417-6
• SPILF/GPIP — Rhinosinusites aiguës de l'adulte et de l'enfant (2021) — https://www.infectiologie.com/
• Chow AW et al. — IDSA Clinical Practice Guideline for Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusitis (CID) (2012) — doi:10.1093/cid/cir1043
• van de Beek D et al. — Community-acquired bacterial meningitis in adults (NEJM) (2004) — doi:10.1056/NEJMoa040845
• Brouwer MC et al. — Corticosteroids for acute bacterial meningitis (2010) — doi:10.1002/14651858.CD004405.pub3
• Thigpen MC et al. — Bacterial meningitis in adults (NEJM) (2011) — doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1005384
• SPILF — Prise en charge des méningites bactériennes aiguës communautaires (à l'exclusion du nouveau-né) : version longue avec argumentaire (Hoen B et al., Méd Mal Infect) (2019) — doi:10.1016/j.medmal.2019.03.009

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